eth_getTransactionByHash

Returns information about a transaction requested by transaction hash. Essential for tracking transaction status and details.

When to Use This Method

eth_getTransactionByHash is crucial for:

• Transaction Tracking - Monitor transaction status after submission
• Payment Verification - Confirm payment details and recipients
• Transaction Explorers - Build transaction detail pages
• Debugging - Investigate failed or stuck transactions

Parameters

1. Transaction Hash - DATA, 32 Bytes
   • Hash of the transaction to retrieve
   • Format: 0x followed by 64 hexadecimal characters

{
  "jsonrpc": "2.0",
  "method": "eth_getTransactionByHash",
  "params": [
    "0x88df016429689c079f3b2f6ad39fa052532c56795b733da78a91ebe6a713944b"
  ],
  "id": 1
}

Returns

Object - Transaction object, or null when no transaction was found:

• blockHash - Hash of the block containing this transaction
• blockNumber - Block number containing this transaction
• from - Address of the sender
• gas - Gas provided by the sender
• gasPrice - Gas price in wei
• maxFeePerGas - Maximum fee per gas (EIP-1559)
• maxPriorityFeePerGas - Maximum priority fee per gas (EIP-1559)
• hash - Transaction hash
• input - Input data sent with transaction
• nonce - Number of transactions from sender
• to - Receiver address (null for contract creation)
• transactionIndex - Position in the block
• value - Value transferred in wei
• type - Transaction type (0x0, 0x1, 0x2)
• v, r, s - Signature values

Implementation Examples

cURL

curl -X POST https://api-moonbeam.n.dwellir.com/YOUR_API_KEY -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","method":"eth_getTransactionByHash","params":["0x1c7ae00a5416c193270805855b03b3e8bc9702d2caa4c729f401cb46583c1f5c"],"id":1}'

JavaScript

import { JsonRpcProvider } from 'ethers';

const provider = new JsonRpcProvider('${S.rpcBase}');

// Transaction tracking system
class TransactionTracker {
  constructor(provider) {
    this.provider = provider;
    this.cache = new Map();
  }

  async getTransaction(txHash) {
    // Check cache first
    if (this.cache.has(txHash)) {
      const cached = this.cache.get(txHash);
      if (Date.now() - cached.timestamp < 5000) {
        return cached.data;
      }
    }

    // Fetch transaction
    const tx = await this.provider.getTransaction(txHash);
    
    if (!tx) {
      return { status: 'not_found' };
    }

    // Cache the result
    const result = {
      hash: tx.hash,
      from: tx.from,
      to: tx.to,
      value: tx.value.toString(),
      gasPrice: tx.gasPrice?.toString(),
      gasLimit: tx.gasLimit.toString(),
      nonce: tx.nonce,
      data: tx.data,
      blockNumber: tx.blockNumber,
      blockHash: tx.blockHash,
      confirmations: tx.confirmations,
      status: tx.blockNumber ? 'confirmed' : 'pending',
      type: tx.type,
      maxFeePerGas: tx.maxFeePerGas?.toString(),
      maxPriorityFeePerGas: tx.maxPriorityFeePerGas?.toString()
    };

    this.cache.set(txHash, {
      data: result,
      timestamp: Date.now()
    });

    return result;
  }

  async waitForConfirmation(txHash, confirmations = 1, timeout = 60000) {
    const startTime = Date.now();
    
    while (Date.now() - startTime < timeout) {
      const tx = await this.getTransaction(txHash);
      
      if (tx.status === 'not_found') {
        await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 2000));
        continue;
      }
      
      if (tx.confirmations >= confirmations) {
        return tx;
      }
      
      await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 2000));
    }
    
    throw new Error('Transaction confirmation timeout');
  }

  async getTransactionWithReceipt(txHash) {
    const [tx, receipt] = await Promise.all([
      this.getTransaction(txHash),
      this.provider.getTransactionReceipt(txHash)
    ]);

    if (tx.status === 'not_found') {
      return tx;
    }

    return {
      ...tx,
      receipt: receipt ? {
        status: receipt.status,
        gasUsed: receipt.gasUsed.toString(),
        effectiveGasPrice: receipt.effectiveGasPrice?.toString(),
        logs: receipt.logs.length,
        contractAddress: receipt.contractAddress
      } : null
    };
  }
}

// Usage example
async function trackPayment(txHash) {
  const tracker = new TransactionTracker(provider);
  
  console.log('Tracking transaction:', txHash);
  
  // Get initial status
  const tx = await tracker.getTransaction(txHash);
  console.log('Status:', tx.status);
  
  if (tx.status === 'pending') {
    console.log('Waiting for confirmation...');
    const confirmed = await tracker.waitForConfirmation(txHash, 2);
    console.log('Confirmed in block:', confirmed.blockNumber);
  }
  
  // Get full details with receipt
  const fullDetails = await tracker.getTransactionWithReceipt(txHash);
  console.log('Transaction details:', fullDetails);
  
  return fullDetails;
}

Python

from web3 import Web3
import asyncio
import time
from typing import Optional, Dict, Any

w3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider('https://api-moonbeam.n.dwellir.com/YOUR_API_KEY'))

class TransactionMonitor:
    """Monitor and analyze transactions on Ethereum"""
    
    def __init__(self, w3_instance):
        self.w3 = w3_instance
        self.tx_cache = {}
    
    def get_transaction_details(self, tx_hash: str) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        """Get comprehensive transaction details"""
        
        # Convert to hex if needed
        if not tx_hash.startswith('0x'):
            tx_hash = '0x' + tx_hash
        
        # Check cache
        if tx_hash in self.tx_cache:
            cached = self.tx_cache[tx_hash]
            if time.time() - cached['timestamp'] < 5:
                return cached['data']
        
        try:
            # Fetch transaction
            tx = self.w3.eth.get_transaction(tx_hash)
            
            if not tx:
                return {'status': 'not_found', 'hash': tx_hash}
            
            # Parse transaction details
            result = {
                'hash': tx.hash.hex(),
                'from': tx['from'],
                'to': tx.get('to'),
                'value': str(tx.value),
                'value_eth': self.w3.from_wei(tx.value, 'ether'),
                'gas': tx.gas,
                'gas_price': str(tx.gasPrice) if tx.get('gasPrice') else None,
                'max_fee_per_gas': str(tx.get('maxFeePerGas', 0)),
                'max_priority_fee': str(tx.get('maxPriorityFeePerGas', 0)),
                'nonce': tx.nonce,
                'block_number': tx.blockNumber,
                'block_hash': tx.blockHash.hex() if tx.blockHash else None,
                'transaction_index': tx.transactionIndex,
                'type': tx.type,
                'input': tx.input.hex(),
                'status': 'confirmed' if tx.blockNumber else 'pending'
            }
            
            # Calculate confirmations
            if tx.blockNumber:
                current_block = self.w3.eth.block_number
                result['confirmations'] = current_block - tx.blockNumber
            else:
                result['confirmations'] = 0
            
            # Cache result
            self.tx_cache[tx_hash] = {
                'data': result,
                'timestamp': time.time()
            }
            
            return result
            
        except Exception as e:
            return {'status': 'error', 'error': str(e), 'hash': tx_hash}
    
    def decode_input_data(self, input_data: str) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        """Decode transaction input data"""
        
        if not input_data or input_data == '0x':
            return {'type': 'transfer', 'data': None}
        
        # Check for common function signatures
        signatures = {
            '0xa9059cbb': 'transfer(address,uint256)',
            '0x095ea7b3': 'approve(address,uint256)',
            '0x23b872dd': 'transferFrom(address,address,uint256)',
            '0x70a08231': 'balanceOf(address)',
            '0x18160ddd': 'totalSupply()',
            '0x3ccfd60b': 'withdraw()',
            '0xd0e30db0': 'deposit()'
        }
        
        if len(input_data) >= 10:
            method_id = input_data[:10]
            if method_id in signatures:
                return {
                    'type': 'contract_call',
                    'method': signatures[method_id],
                    'data': input_data[10:]
                }
        
        return {'type': 'unknown', 'data': input_data}
    
    async def wait_for_transaction(
        self, 
        tx_hash: str, 
        confirmations: int = 1,
        timeout: int = 60
    ) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        """Wait for transaction confirmation"""
        
        start_time = time.time()
        
        while time.time() - start_time < timeout:
            tx = self.get_transaction_details(tx_hash)
            
            if tx['status'] == 'not_found':
                await asyncio.sleep(2)
                continue
            
            if tx['status'] == 'confirmed' and tx['confirmations'] >= confirmations:
                return tx
            
            await asyncio.sleep(2)
        
        raise TimeoutError(f"Transaction {tx_hash} not confirmed within {timeout} seconds")
    
    def analyze_transaction(self, tx_hash: str) -> Dict[str, Any]:
        """Analyze transaction for insights"""
        
        tx = self.get_transaction_details(tx_hash)
        
        if tx['status'] in ['not_found', 'error']:
            return tx
        
        analysis = {
            'basic_info': tx,
            'decoded_input': self.decode_input_data(tx['input']),
            'is_contract_creation': tx['to'] is None,
            'is_token_transfer': len(tx['input']) > 2,
            'gas_efficiency': None
        }
        
        # Calculate gas efficiency for confirmed transactions
        if tx['status'] == 'confirmed':
            try:
                receipt = self.w3.eth.get_transaction_receipt(tx_hash)
                gas_used = receipt.gasUsed
                gas_limit = tx['gas']
                analysis['gas_efficiency'] = {
                    'used': gas_used,
                    'limit': gas_limit,
                    'efficiency': f"{(gas_used / gas_limit * 100):.2f}%"
                }
            except:
                pass
        
        return analysis

# Usage examples
monitor = TransactionMonitor(w3)

# Get transaction details
tx_details = monitor.get_transaction_details(
    "0x88df016429689c079f3b2f6ad39fa052532c56795b733da78a91ebe6a713944b"
)

# Analyze transaction
analysis = monitor.analyze_transaction(
    "0x88df016429689c079f3b2f6ad39fa052532c56795b733da78a91ebe6a713944b"
)

print(f"Transaction from: {tx_details['from']}")
print(f"Value: {tx_details['value_eth']} ETH")
print(f"Status: {tx_details['status']}")
print(f"Confirmations: {tx_details['confirmations']}")

Common Use Cases

1. Payment Verification System

// Verify payment received
async function verifyPayment(txHash, expectedAmount, expectedRecipient) {
  const tx = await provider.getTransaction(txHash);
  
  if (!tx) {
    return { valid: false, reason: 'Transaction not found' };
  }
  
  // Check recipient
  if (tx.to?.toLowerCase() !== expectedRecipient.toLowerCase()) {
    return { valid: false, reason: 'Wrong recipient' };
  }
  
  // Check amount
  if (tx.value.toString() !== expectedAmount) {
    return { valid: false, reason: 'Wrong amount' };
  }
  
  // Check confirmations
  if (!tx.blockNumber) {
    return { valid: false, reason: 'Transaction pending' };
  }
  
  const receipt = await provider.getTransactionReceipt(txHash);
  if (receipt.status === 0) {
    return { valid: false, reason: 'Transaction failed' };
  }
  
  return {
    valid: true,
    confirmations: tx.confirmations,
    blockNumber: tx.blockNumber
  };
}

2. Transaction History Builder

// Build transaction history for address
async function getAddressTransactions(address, txHashes) {
  const transactions = [];
  
  for (const hash of txHashes) {
    const tx = await provider.getTransaction(hash);
    
    if (!tx) continue;
    
    const isIncoming = tx.to?.toLowerCase() === address.toLowerCase();
    const isOutgoing = tx.from.toLowerCase() === address.toLowerCase();
    
    transactions.push({
      hash: tx.hash,
      type: isIncoming ? 'incoming' : 'outgoing',
      from: tx.from,
      to: tx.to,
      value: ethers.formatEther(tx.value),
      timestamp: tx.blockNumber ? 
        (await provider.getBlock(tx.blockNumber)).timestamp : null,
      status: tx.blockNumber ? 'confirmed' : 'pending',
      gasPrice: tx.gasPrice ? ethers.formatGwei(tx.gasPrice) : null,
      confirmations: tx.confirmations
    });
  }
  
  return transactions.sort((a, b) => b.timestamp - a.timestamp);
}

3. Gas Price Analysis

// Analyze gas usage patterns
async function analyzeGasUsage(txHash) {
  const tx = await provider.getTransaction(txHash);
  
  if (!tx) {
    throw new Error('Transaction not found');
  }
  
  const receipt = await provider.getTransactionReceipt(txHash);
  const block = await provider.getBlock(tx.blockNumber);
  
  return {
    txHash: tx.hash,
    gasLimit: tx.gasLimit.toString(),
    gasUsed: receipt ? receipt.gasUsed.toString() : null,
    gasPrice: tx.gasPrice ? ethers.formatGwei(tx.gasPrice) : null,
    maxFeePerGas: tx.maxFeePerGas ? ethers.formatGwei(tx.maxFeePerGas) : null,
    maxPriorityFee: tx.maxPriorityFeePerGas ? 
      ethers.formatGwei(tx.maxPriorityFeePerGas) : null,
    baseFee: block.baseFeePerGas ? 
      ethers.formatGwei(block.baseFeePerGas) : null,
    efficiency: receipt ? 
      ((Number(receipt.gasUsed) / Number(tx.gasLimit)) * 100).toFixed(2) + '%' : null,
    totalCost: receipt && tx.gasPrice ? 
      ethers.formatEther(receipt.gasUsed * tx.gasPrice) : null
  };
}

Error Handling

Error Scenario	Description	Solution
null response	Transaction not found	Check hash validity, wait for propagation
Network timeout	RPC connection issues	Retry with exponential backoff
Invalid hash	Malformed transaction hash	Validate hash format (66 characters)

async function safeGetTransaction(txHash, retries = 3) {
  // Validate hash format
  if (!/^0x[a-fA-F0-9]{64}$/.test(txHash)) {
    throw new Error('Invalid transaction hash format');
  }
  
  for (let i = 0; i < retries; i++) {
    try {
      const tx = await provider.getTransaction(txHash);
      
      if (tx) {
        return tx;
      }
      
      // Wait before retry if not found
      if (i < retries - 1) {
        await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 2000 * (i + 1)));
      }
    } catch (error) {
      if (i === retries - 1) {
        throw error;
      }
      await new Promise(resolve => setTimeout(resolve, 1000 * (i + 1)));
    }
  }
  
  return null;
}

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